This book can be considered as a standard on formal languages, the automata theory, and computational complications. It has been greatly improved, in order to offer theoretical ideas in a brief and lucid way. There has also been a development of practical applications. The latest edition also provides the readers Gradiance, an online assessment feature. The book opens up many interesting aspects and points it out to the readers. It elaborates theoretical ideas in a brief and understandable manner. The book harps on latest practical illustrations of its theories. It employs the usage of an array of numbers to assist readers in visualizing concepts. It also tries to evoke interest in the readers with comprehensive questionnaires at different difficulty levels after every chapter. The book also offers supplementary practice and quizzes along with the understanding of important ideas with an online homework and tutorial tool called Gradiance. By means of the programming labs, lecturers can now enjoy the liberty of assessing, locating, and sharpening the performance of their students in short intervals. It can be carried out with regards to syntax as well as linguistics, with an unparalleled standard of testing never presented previously.